

@article {9127,
	title = {{Inactivation of Enteric Adenovirus and Feline Calicivirus by Chlorine Dioxide Inactivation of Enteric Adenovirus and Feline Calicivirus by Chlorine Dioxide}},
	journal = {Appl. Envir. Microbiol.},
	volume = {71},
	number = {6},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {3100{\textendash}3105},
	abstract = {Chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ) inactivation experiments were conducted with adenovirus type 40 (AD40) and feline calicivirus (FCV). Experiments were carried out in buffered, disinfectant demand-free water under high- and low-pH and -temperature conditions. Ct values (the concentration of ClO2 multiplied by contact time with the virus) were calculated directly from bench-scale experiments and from application of the efficiency factor Hom (EFH) model. AD40 Ct ranges for 4-log inactivation (Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} ) at 5{\textdegree}C were {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}0.77 to {\{}{\textless}{\}}1.53 mg/liter ? min and {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}0.80 to {\{}{\textless}{\}}1.59 mg/liter ? min for pH 6 and 8, respectively. For 15{\textdegree}C AD40 experiments, {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}0.49 to {\{}{\textless}{\}}0.74 mg/liter ? min and {\{}{\textless}{\}}0.12 mg/liter ? min Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} ranges were observed for pH 6 and 8, respectively. FCV Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} ranges for 5{\textdegree}C experiments were {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}20.20 to {\{}{\textless}{\}}30.30 mg/liter ? min and {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}0.68 mg/liter ? min for pH 6 and 8, respectively. For 15{\textdegree}C FCV experiments, Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} ranges were {\{}{\textgreater}{\}}4.20 to {\{}{\textless}{\}}6.72 and {\{}{\textless}{\}}0.18 mg/liter ? min for pH 6 and 8, respectively. Viral inactivation was higher at pH 8 than at pH 6 and at 15{\textdegree}C than at 5{\textdegree}C. Comparison of Ct values and inactivation curves demonstrated that the EFH model described bench-scale experiment data very well. Observed bench-scale Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} ranges and EFH model Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} values demonstrated that FCV is more resistant to ClO2 than AD40 for the conditions studied. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidance manual Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} values are higher than Ct99.99{\{}{\%}{\}} values calculated from bench-scale experi- ments and from EFH model application. According},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.71.6.3100},
	author = {Thurston-enriquez, Jeanette a and Haas, Charles N and Gerba, Charles P and Jacangelo, Joseph}
}
