

@article {8807,
	title = {{Inactivation of Ascaris suum Eggs by Ammonia}},
	journal = {Environmental Science {\&} Technology},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {7909{\textendash}7914},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {Uncharged ammonia is known to cause inactivation of a number of wastewater pathogens, but its effect on Ascaris eggs has never been isolated or quantified. The objectives of this research were to determine the conditions under which ammonia inactivates eggs of the swine Ascaris species, Ascaris suum, and to quantify the impact of ammonia on the U.S. EPA{\textquoteright}s requirements for alkaline treatment to produce Class A sludge. Eggs were incubated in controlled, laboratory solutions such that the effects of ammonia concentration and speciation, pH, and temperature could be separated. With a 24-h incubation, the inactivation at all pH levels (range 7-11) was not statistically different in the absence of ammonia. The presence of ammonia (0-1000 ppm as N) significantly increased Ascaris egg inactivation at pH 9 and 11, and the ovicidal effect was directly related to the concentration of the uncharged NH3 species. Increasing temperatures (32-52 {\textdegree}C) caused increased inactivation at all pH levels and ammonia concentration...},
	doi = {10.1021/ES050659A},
	author = {Pecson, Brian M. and Nelson, Kara L.}
}
