

@article {813,
	title = {Rapid detection of infectious adenoviruses by {mRNA} real-time {RT-PCR.}},
	journal = {Journal of virological methods},
	volume = {127},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {148-153},
	abstract = {Adenoviruses are among the most persistent and ubiquitous viruses in water and wastewater, but some of them are difficult to detect due to non-cytopathogenicity and slow growth in cell cultures. A {TaqMan} real-time {RT-PCR} method in conjunction with cell culture infectivity was developed to rapidly detect {mRNA} produced by infectious adenoviruses in water samples. Only infectious adenoviruses were detected by this method, based on their ability to produce {mRNA} during replication in cell culture. The {mRNA} of Ad41 was detected as soon as 3 days after infection at levels as low as 5 infectious units {(IU)} per cell culture. In order to confirm that our methods detected only infectious viruses, 1-ml volumes of {10(4)IU} of Ad41 were exposed to different free chlorine doses. No {mRNA} was detected in cells inoculated with Ad41 treated with the highest free chlorine dose of 100 mg min/l. However, {mRNA} of adenovirus was detected in cells inoculated with virus that was untreated or exposed to a lower free chlorine dose of 1 mg min/l. These results suggest that {mRNA} detection by real-time {RT-PCR} is a sensitive and specific method to detect low levels of infectious adenoviruses in water and other environmental media within 1-3 days.},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.017},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.017},
	author = {G Ko and Jothikumar, Narayanan and Hill, Vincent R and Sobsey, Mark D}
}
