

@mastersthesis {7382,
	title = {Informal water services in metropolitan cities of developing world: {The} case of {Jakarta}, {Indonesia}},
	year = {2001},
	note = {3044705},
	school = {University of California, Berkeley},
	type = {phdPh.{D}.},
	address = {Ann Arbor},
	abstract = {In many cities of the developing world, one finds dynamic informal water services working side by side with formal distribution of water services. Although largely hidden from view, informal urban water service is almost as important as formal water supply, in aggregate terms. Informal water vendor practices are often ignored by urban water supply policy-makers. For obvious reasons, more is known about formal water supply than informal water services. This research tries to contribute to our understanding of informal water services in cities of developing world, using Metropolitan Jakarta as a case study. An indigenous system of urban water vendors operation, the so-called Sistem Aplus , allows vendors to work in a city while still maintaining their residencies in a village. This fact explains the circular migration phenomena in Jakarta, where temporary farmers in rural areas work and live partly in Jakarta. Informal water vendors operate in a laissez-faire system. Water vendors are entrepreneurs in the sense that they strategize their operations based on markets and consumer behavior. Vendors{\textquoteright} system creates networks of private entities where the mechanism of exit, voice and loyalty in the market place is operating at its best. Informal water delivery provides needed employment for hundreds of unskilled men who are mostly coming from, or just arrive from, rural areas in hopes of improving their lives. One of most important characteristics of informal water delivery is that it operates under an urban-rural linkage. A very close connection between urban and rural economy exists in the Sistem Aplus . Working in the city, and spending in the village creates rural urban dependency in terms of money flow. Informal urban water services are not purely acting as gap fillers. These services do not solely exist because they fill service voids left unfilled by formal water deliveries. They do not operate in areas where there is an absence of formal water deliveries. The main reasons consumer choose this particular water services are water quality, perceived cheaper prices, and the convenience of having door-to-door service. In devising the appropriate regulatory framework, it is important to consider the social and political contexts in which water-supply market will operate. In the case of water vendor operation, only minimal regulations should be imposed by the public authorities on their operations. Limited regulation is proposed so that water vendors collectively promote public safety and welfare. Self-regulation and self-policing among water vendors is the effective means of promoting efficiency and safety within the informal water deliveries. A locally based forum of vendor associations and community organizations is an appropriate means for maintaining order and civility. Together they provide a grassroots structure for managing the industry and for setting and enforcing standards and codes of conduct.},
	keywords = {0510:Labor economics, 0554:Sanitation, 0999:Area planning \& development, 0999:Urban planning, Applied sciences, Area planning \& development, Cities, Developing countries{\textendash}LDCs, Developing world, Indonesia, Informal economy, Infrastructure finance, Jakarta, Labor economics, sanitation, Social sciences, Studies, Urban planning, Water services, Water utilities},
	url = {http://search.proquest.com/docview/304685890?accountid=14270},
	author = {Susantono, Bambang}
}
