

@article {618,
	title = {Evaluation of multiple sewage-associated Bacteroides \{PCR\} markers for sewage pollution tracking},
	journal = {Water Research},
	volume = {43},
	number = {19},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cross-validation of detection methods for pathogens and fecal indicators},
	pages = {4872 - 4877},
	abstract = {The host specificity of the five published sewage-associated Bacteroides markers (i.e., HF183, BacHum, HuBac, BacH and Human-Bac) was evaluated in Southeast Queensland, Australia by testing fecal \{DNA\} samples (n\&$\#$xa0;=\&$\#$xa0;186) from 11 animal species including human fecal samples collected via influent to a sewage treatment plant (STP). All human fecal samples (n\&$\#$xa0;=\&$\#$xa0;50) were positive for all five markers indicating 100\% sensitivity of these markers. The overall specificity of the \{HF183\} markers to differentiate between humans and animals was 99\%. The specificities of the BacHum and BacH markers were\&$\#$xa0;\&gt;\&$\#$xa0;94\%, suggesting that these markers are suitable for the detection of sewage pollution in environmental waters in Australia. The HuBac (i.e., 63\%) and Human-Bac (i.e., 79\% specificity) markers performed poorly in distinguishing between the sources of human and animal fecal samples. It is recommended that the specificity of the sewage-associated markers must be rigorously tested prior to its application to identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters.},
	keywords = {Sewage-associated markers},
	issn = {0043-1354},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.042},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135409005624},
	author = {W. Ahmed and A. Goonetilleke and D. Powell and T. Gardner}
}
