

@article {4364,
	title = {{Microbial source markers assessment in the Bogot{\'a} River basin (Colombia).}},
	journal = {Journal of Water and Health},
	volume = {13},
	number = {3},
	year = {2015},
	month = {sep},
	pages = {801{\textendash}10},
	abstract = {<p>The microbiological indicators traditionally used to assess fecal contamination are insufficient to identify the source. The aim of this study was to detect microbial markers to identify the source of fecal pollution in the Bogot\&aacute; River (Colombia). For this, we determined non-discriminating indicators such as Escherichia coli, somatic coliphages and phages infecting strain RYC2056 of Bacteroides, and potential source tracking markers as phages infecting strains GA17, HB13, and CA8 of Bacteroides, sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria, and molecular markers of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifiodobacterium dentium, and Bacteroidetes in raw municipal wastewaters, slaughterhouse wastewaters, and the Bogot\&aacute; River. Bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides strain GA17 and the molecular markers identified the wastewater sources. In contrast, sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria failed regarding specificity. In the Bogot\&aacute; River, phages infecting strain GA17 were detected in all samples downstream of Bogot\&aacute;, whereas they should be concentrated from 1 l samples in upstream samples containing less than 10(3) E. coli/100 ml to be detected. In the river water, the fraction of positive detections of molecular markers was lower than that of phages infecting strain GA17. The ratio SOMCPH/GA17PH was shown also to be a good marker. These results provide information that will allow focusing measures for sanitation of the Bogot\&aacute; River.</p>
},
	keywords = {Abattoirs, Bacterial, Bacterial: analysis, Bacterial: genetics, Bacteroides, Bacteroides: genetics, Colombia, DNA, Genes, Genetic Markers, Genetic Markers: genetics, Rivers, Rivers: microbiology, Waste Water, Waste Water: microbiology},
	issn = {1477-8920},
	doi = {10.2166/wh.2015.240},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26322765},
	author = {Venegas, Camilo and Diez, Hugo and Blanch, Anicet R and Jofre, Juan and Campos, Claudia}
}
