

@article {4341,
	title = {{The capability of non-native strains of Bacteroides bacteria to detect bacteriophages as faecal indicators in a tropical area.}},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Microbiology},
	volume = {117},
	number = {6},
	year = {2014},
	month = {dec},
	pages = {1820{\textendash}9},
	abstract = {<p>AIMS: To evaluate the use of nonlocal, already-available strains of phages to indicate faecal contamination in Thailand waters. METHODS AND RESULTS: Phages of Bacteroides fragilis strains ATCC 700786 (RYC2056PH) and ATCC 51477 (HSP40PH) were measured in 71 human and animal wastewater samples in Thailand using a double-layer agar assay. Bacteriophage RYC2056PH was detected at concentrations comparable to representative human and animal wastewater samples from European and Mediterranean countries, with 61\&middot;7 and 33\&middot;3{\%} above the threshold value of 100 PFU 100 ml(-1) in wastewater samples of human and animal origins, respectively. On the other hand, HSP40PH was detected at low concentrations in both human- and animal-polluted wastewaters. Moreover, RYC2056PH was found in 12 canal waters with human-influenced pollution and was not detected in 6 nonpolluted river waters being tested in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of RYC2056PH could indicate nonsource-specific faecal contamination in Thailand. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study provided the first evidence that bacteriophages of the European-isolated B. fragilis strain RYC2056 could be used as nonsource-specific faecal indicators in the Southeast Asian region. The results of this study support the worldwide use of Bacteroides phages as faecal indicators.</p>
},
	keywords = {Animals, Bacteriophages, Bacteriophages: isolation {\&} purification, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides fragilis: virology, Feces, Feces: virology, Fresh Water, Fresh Water: virology, Humans, Thailand, Tropical Climate, Waste Water, Waste Water: virology, Water Microbiology, Water Pollution},
	issn = {1365-2672},
	doi = {10.1111/jam.12646},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25207866},
	author = {Sirikanchana, K and Wangkahad, B and Mongkolsuk, S}
}
