

@article {1769,
	title = {Ultrafiltration-based techniques for rapid and simultaneous concentration of multiple microbe classes from 100-L tap water samples},
	journal = {Journal of Microbiological Methods},
	volume = {73},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Polaczyk, Amy L Narayanan, Jothikumar Cromeans, Theresa L Hahn, Donghyun Roberts, Jacqueline M Amburgey, James E Hill, Vincent R eng Evaluation Studies Netherlands 2008/04/09 09:00 J Microbiol Methods. 2008 May;73(2):92-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.02.014. Epub 2008 Feb 29.},
	pages = {92-9},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {This study focused on ultrafiltration as a technique for simultaneously concentrating and recovering viruses, bacteria and parasites in 100-L drinking water samples. A chemical dispersant, sodium polyphosphate, and Tween 80 were used to increase microbial recovery efficiencies. Secondary concentration was performed to reduce sample volumes to 3-5 mL for analysis using tissue culture, microscopy, and real-time PCR and RT-PCR. At seeding levels of 100-1000 (CFU, PFU, oocysts, or particles), a "high-flux" ultrafiltration procedure was found to achieve mean recoveries of 51-94\% of simultaneously seeded MS2 bacteriophage, echovirus 1, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii endospores, Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, and 4.5-mum microspheres. When 4-7\% of the final sample concentrate volume was assayed using real-time PCR and RT-PCR, overall method sensitivities were <100 C. parvum oocysts, <240 PFU echovirus 1, <100 CFU Salmonella and approximately 160 CFU B. atrophaeus spores in 100-L drinking water samples. The "high-flux" ultrafiltration procedure required approximately 2 h, including time required for backflushing. Secondary concentration procedures required an additional 1-3 h, while nucleic acid extraction and real-time PCR procedures required an additional 2-2.5 h. Thus, this study demonstrated that efficient recovery and sensitive detection of diverse microbes in 100-L drinking water samples could be achieved within 5-8 h using ultrafiltration, rapid secondary processing techniques, and real-time PCR.},
	keywords = {Animals Bacteria/*isolation \& purification Bacteriophages/*isolation \& purification Detergents/pharmacology Microbiological Techniques/*methods Microbiology Microscopy Parasites/*isolation \& purification Polymerase Chain Reaction Polyphosphates/pharmacolo},
	issn = {0167-7012 (Print) 0167-7012 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mimet.2008.02.014},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18395278},
	author = {Polaczyk, A. L. and Narayanan, J. and Cromeans, T. L. and Hahn, D. and Roberts, J. M. and Amburgey, J. E. and Hill, V. R.}
}
