

@article {16553,
	title = {Assessment of anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole in school children in six countries where soil-transmitted helminths are endemic},
	journal = {PLoS Negl Trop Dis},
	volume = {8},
	number = {10},
	year = {2014},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {e3204},
	abstract = {{BACKGROUND: Robust reference values for fecal egg count reduction (FECR) rates of the most widely used anthelmintic drugs in preventive chemotherapy (PC) programs for controlling soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm) are still lacking. However, they are urgently needed to ensure detection of reduced efficacies that are predicted to occur due to growing drug pressure. Here, using a standardized methodology, we assessed the FECR rate of a single oral dose of mebendazole (MEB; 500 mg) against STHs in six trials in school children in different locations around the world. Our results are compared with those previously obtained for similarly conducted trials of a single oral dose of albendazole (ALB; 400 mg). METHODOLOGY: The efficacy of MEB, as assessed by FECR, was determined in six trials involving 5,830 school children in Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, Ethiopia, United Republic of Tanzania, and Vietnam. The efficacy of MEB was compared to that of ALB as previously assessed in 8,841 school children in India and all the above-mentioned study sites, using identical methodologies. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The estimated FECR rate [95\% confidence interval] of MEB was highest for A. lumbricoides (97.6\% [95.8; 99.5]), followed by hookworm (79.6\% [71.0; 88.3]). For T. trichiura, the estimated FECR rate was 63.1\% [51.6; 74.6]. Compared to MEB, ALB was significantly more efficacious against hookworm (96.2\% [91.1; 100], p{\textless}0.001) and only marginally, although significantly, better against A. lumbricoides infections (99.9\% [99.0; 100]},
	keywords = {*Endemic Diseases/prevention \& control, Adolescent, Albendazole/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Animals, Anthelmintics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, Child, Ethiopia, Feces/parasitology, Female, Helminthiasis/*drug therapy/prevention \& control, Helminths/*drug effects, Humans, Male, Mebendazole/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Parasite Egg Count, Preschool, Soil/parasitology, Tanzania, Treatment Outcome, Vietnam},
	issn = {1935-2735 (Electronic) 1935-2727 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0003204},
	author = {Levecke, B. and Montresor, A. and Albonico, M. and Ame, S. M. and Behnke, J. M. and Bethony, J. M. and Noumedem, C. D. and Engels, D. and Guillard, B. and Kotze, A. C. and Krolewiecki, A. J. and McCarthy, J. S. and Mekonnen, Z. and Periago, M. V. and Sopheak, H. and Tchuem-Tchuente, L. A. and Duong, T. T. and Huong, N. T. and Zeynudin, A. and Vercruysse, J.}
}
