

@book {15269,
	title = {Decentralised wastewater management in {Vietnam}: a {Hanoi} case study},
	year = {2005},
	publisher = {Hanoi University of Civil Engineering},
	organization = {Hanoi University of Civil Engineering},
	address = {Hanoi},
	abstract = {<p>In Hanoi, the Sewerage and Drainage Company (SADCO) is the centralised agency with officially responsibility for wastewater management, which focuses mainly on the provision and maintenance of drains and sewers. Approximately 60\% of the city\&$\#$39;s area is fully served by SADCO. The rest part is taken care by local authorities or under self- government by local people and it is in these areas that some innovative approaches to wastewater management are observed. These depict promising options for improved delivery of wastewater services.\${\textbackslash}backslash\$nThe Hai Ba Trung case study highlights the potential role of local community stakeholders and actors in the provision and management of tertiary sewerage and drainage systems, whereas Hoang Mai case study typifies community-based wastewater reuse where the local community members participate in decision-making and a range of different wastewater management activities in their locality.\${\textbackslash}backslash\$nBuilding on a long tradition of decentralised provision of public services, these arrangements highlight new possibilities for expanding decentralised approaches to wastewater management services in Hanoi and possibly other parts of Vietnam. The case studies demonstrate how decentralised initiatives can capitalise on the availability of local resources, which can compliment those offered by the centralised service provider. The experiences from Hanoi also demonstrate how these can form part of an overall strategy for service provision which bridges the gap in deficiencies in service delivery and bring about much need improvements in wastewater management.\${\textbackslash}backslash\$nThis report draws from these case studies to discuss the institutional framework for the provision of services and infrastructure for wastewater management and discusses opportunities for decentralisation in Vietnam. These decentralised management approaches are potentially viable for many other urban areas of Vietnam when the capacity of the public service utilities is still limited. Cities in other countries in the Asia region are also facing and dealing with similar problems, but Vietnam provides interesting lessons related to the way that different levels of government and their agencies react, in collaboration with local communities, to the impacts of environmental degradation and their approach towards wastewater management.\${\textbackslash}backslash\$nThese two examples of wastewater management illustrate aspects of decentralisation in decision-making processes and management arrangements at the local level. The case studies highlight the need to improve wastewater management, linked to a wider programme for public administration reform towards decentralisation and public participation. In particular, the role of the peoples\&$\#$39; committees (PC\&$\#$39;s) at various levels in service provision and their relationship with the agency directly responsible for provision of large-scale centralized services for the city are highlighted. The report describes how these relationships may be strengthened to improve the quality of service provision and promote greater sustainability, and explores opportunities and constraints to wider re- plication.</p>
},
	keywords = {DWMS, Hanoi, management, reuse, Vietnam, wastewater},
	author = {Nguyen, VA and Parkinson, J}
}
