

@article {14547,
	title = {Evaluation of viral concentration methods from irrigation and processing water},
	journal = {J Virol Methods},
	volume = {187},
	year = {2013},
	month = {feb},
	pages = {294{\textendash}303},
	abstract = {Four viral concentration methods were evaluated for their efficiency in recovering murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) (surrogate for human noroviruses (NoV)) and MS2 bacteriophages from processing water (1L) and four different types of irrigation water (bore hole water, rain water, open well and river water) (2-5L). Three methods were based on the viral adsorption and elution principle, two methods using an electronegative HA-membrane (Katayama et al., 2002), one method using an electropositive Zetapor membrane according to CEN/TC275/WG6/TAG4 and the fourth method was based on size exclusion using a tangential flow filtration system. Detection of MNV-1 was achieved by real-time RT-PCR and detection of MS2 by double-layer plaque assay. For the recovery of MNV-1, the method using an electronegative HA-filter in combination with an elution buffer earlier optimized by Hamza et al. (2009) (Method 1) performed best for all types of water (recovery: 5.8-21.9\%). In case of MS2 detection, the best method depended upon the type of water although Method 1 provided the most consistent recovery. To complete this evaluation, the Method 1 was evaluated further for the concentration of human enteric viruses (GI and GII NoV, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotaviruses) in the same five types of water. Although detection of rotaviruses (RV) was somewhat less efficient, Method 1 proved reliable for the detection of NoV and HAV in all water types. Mean recovery efficiencies ranging from 4.8\% for detection of GI NoV in open well water to 32.1\% for detection of HAV in bore hole water, depending on the water type and the viral pathogen analyzed.},
	keywords = {*Water Microbiology, Adsorption, Filtration/methods, Hepatitis A virus/isolation \& purification, Levivirus/*isolation \& purification, Norovirus/*isolation \& purification, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rotavirus/isolation \& purification, Specimen Handling/*methods, Viral Plaque Assay, Virology/*methods},
	issn = {1879-0984 (Electronic) 0166-0934 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.11.028},
	author = {De Keuckelaere, A. and Baert, L. and Duarte, A. and Stals, A. and Uyttendaele, M.}
}
