

@article {1237,
	title = {Occurrence of viruses and protozoa in drinking water sources of Japan and their relationship to indicator microorganisms},
	journal = {Food Environ Virol},
	volume = {4},
	number = {3},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Haramoto, Eiji Kitajima, Masaaki Kishida, Naohiro Katayama, Hiroyuki Asami, Mari Akiba, Michihiro Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t United States Food and environmental virology Food Environ Virol. 2012 Sep;4(3):93-101. doi: 10.1007/s12560-012-9082-0. Epub 2012 Jul 4.},
	pages = {93-101},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {A nationwide survey of viruses, protozoa, and indicator microorganisms in drinking water sources of Japan was conducted. Among 64 surface water samples collected from 16 drinking water treatment plants, 51 (80 \%) samples were positive for at least one of the 11 pathogen types tested, including noroviruses of genogroups I (positive rate, 13 \%) and II (2 \%), human sapoviruses (5 \%), human adenoviruses of serotypes 40 and 41 (39 \%), Cryptosporidium oocysts (41 \%), and Giardia cysts (36 \%). Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and F-specific coliphages were detected in 63 (98 \%), 33 (52 \%), and 17 (27 \%) samples, respectively, and E. coli was judged to be the most suitable indicator of pathogen contamination of drinking water sources. Genogroup-specific real-time PCR for F-specific coliphages revealed the presence of F-specific RNA coliphages of animal genogroup I and human genogroups II and III in 13 (41 \%), 12 (39 \%), and 1 (3 \%), respectively, of 31 plaques isolated.},
	keywords = {Adenoviridae/isolation \& purification Coliphages/isolation \& purification Cryptosporidium/isolation \& purification Drinking Water/ parasitology/ virology Environmental Monitoring/ methods Escherichia coli/isolation \& purification Food Contamination/analys, DNA Water Microbiology, Viral/genetics/isolation \& purification Sapovirus/isolation \& purification Sequence Analysis},
	issn = {1867-0342 (Electronic)},
	doi = {10.1007/s12560-012-9082-0},
	author = {Haramoto, E. and Kitajima, M. and Kishida, N. and Katayama, H. and Asami, M. and Akiba, M.}
}
